潛水時遇見的牠，你叫得出名字嗎？從魚身上的一條線、一個斑點開始，把每一次「好像看過」，變成「我認識牠」。Can you name what you met on your dive? Start from one stripe or one spot, and turn every “I think I’ve seen that” into “I know who that is”.
開始認識 100 種生物 ↓Meet all 100 ↓第一次潛水，忙著看整片海。再多看一眼，你會開始認識住在這裡的牠們。
有時候，最難忘的不是遇到多稀有的生物，而是終於認出那隻每次都會游過眼前的小魚。牠身上的黑色條紋、嘴邊的鬚，或是轉身時露出的尾巴，都是認識海洋的線索。
這份圖鑑以臺灣休閒潛水與浮潛的觀察情境為選種出發點，整理 97 種魚類、2 種海龜與 1 種海蛇。先看下方幾組相似生物的差異，再按分類往下讀，回頭找找今天在水下見到的身影。
海域、棲息地、季節、時段與當天環境，都會影響相遇的機會。把這篇當成認識海洋的起點，不需要急著把 100 種全部集滿。
On your first dives you take in the whole sea. Look once more, and you start to get to know the creatures that live there.
Sometimes the most memorable moment isn’t meeting something rare, but finally recognising the little fish that swims past every time. A black stripe, the barbels by its mouth, or the tail it shows as it turns are all clues to knowing the ocean.
This guide is chosen with recreational diving and snorkelling in Taiwan in mind: 97 fishes, 2 sea turtles and 1 sea snake. Start with the look-alike pairs below, then read on by group and look for what you saw underwater today.
Region, habitat, season, time of day and the day’s conditions all change your chances. Take this as a starting point; there’s no rush to collect all 100.
把相似的生物放在一起看。先抓住最明顯的差異，再回到完整圖鑑比對。Side by side: catch the clearest difference first, then check against the full guide.
怎麼看：先看黑帶的位置與條數，再看鱗片邊緣。不要只用「黑白相間」判斷。How to tell: Check where the bars sit and how many there are, then the scale edges. “Black and white” alone isn’t enough.
辨識參考：References: Fishes of Australia｜三帶圓雀鯛Fishes of Australia: Whitetail dascyllus · 網紋圓雀鯛Reticulate dascyllus
怎麼看：沿身體由上往下數藍線，再搭配腹部顏色與黑斑一起看；光線或姿態可能遮住部分線條。How to tell: Count the blue lines from top to bottom, together with belly colour and the black spot; light or posture can hide some lines.
辨識參考：References: Fishes of Australia｜四線笛鯛Fishes of Australia: Common bluestripe snapper · 五線笛鯛Five-lined snapper
怎麼看：看頭部與背甲，比只看龜殼顏色更有方向。鱗片不一定能遠距看清，別為了辨識而靠近或攔路。How to tell: Head and shell tell you more than shell colour. The scales are hard to see from afar: never close in or block a turtle’s way to check.
辨識參考：References: NOAA｜綠蠵龜NOAA: Green sea turtle · 玳瑁Hawksbill sea turtle
依分類往下看，每張卡片都列出名稱、學名、棲息地與常見程度（星星越多越常見），方便回顧今天在水下的相遇。Browse by group. Each card gives the name, scientific name, habitat and how common it is (more stars, more common), to look back on today’s dive.
★★★★★常見程度：星星越多，代表在臺灣潛水時越常見到。How common: the more stars, the more often you’ll meet it diving in Taiwan.★★★★★較少見Less common ★★★★★非常常見Very common
試試中文名、學名、科別或棲息地，例如「蝴蝶魚」「Chaetodon」「珊瑚礁」。Try a name, scientific name, family or habitat, e.g. “butterflyfish”, “Chaetodon” or “coral reefs”.
先從體側的直條紋、斑點與色塊開始觀察。遇到魚群時，試著選定一隻，看清楚牠的完整輪廓。Start with the bars, spots and colour patches along the body. In a school, pick one fish and take in its whole outline.
眼帶、尾部色塊、細長的吻部，都是可以留意的線索。別急著把所有黑白條紋的魚認成同一種。Eye bands, tail patches and long snouts are all clues. Don’t file every black-and-white striped fish as the same one.
這一組可以先留意嘴部形狀與身體比例，再看紋路。部分魚類會隨成長或性別呈現不同體色。Look at the mouth and the body’s proportions first, then the markings. Some change colour as they grow or with sex.
這組魚的外形與色彩變化豐富。觀察時，把頭部、身體花紋與尾鰭一起記下，比只記顏色更有幫助。Shapes and colours vary a lot here. Noting the head, body pattern and tail fin together helps more than colour alone.
輪廓、尾柄與身體斑紋，是認識這一組的起點。即使從側面看很相像，也值得停下來比較細節。Outline, tail base and body markings are where to start. Even when they look alike side-on, the details are worth comparing.
在岩礁與珊瑚周邊觀察時，先留意身體的斑點大小、排列方式和尾部花紋，慢慢辨認。Around rock and coral, look at the size and layout of the spots and the tail pattern, and take your time.
條紋朝哪個方向？身上有幾條主要色帶？先記下方向，再看魚身和魚鰭的顏色。Which way do the stripes run, and how many main bands are there? Note the direction first, then body and fin colour.
除了身上的色帶，也可以留意下頷的鬚。觀察時保持距離，讓牠繼續原本的活動。Besides the body bands, look for the barbels under the jaw. Keep your distance and let them carry on feeding.
別只看礁石。把視線從礁面移到周圍水層，觀察魚群的體形、尾鰭與游動輪廓。Don’t only watch the reef. Lift your eyes to the water around it and take in each school’s shape, tail and swimming outline.
礁洞、岩縫與遮蔽處，是這一組值得留意的環境。停在外側觀察，讓眼睛適應明暗變化。Reef caves, crevices and overhangs are where to look. Stay outside and let your eyes adjust to the dark.
細小斑點、大塊斑紋、環帶與縱線，提供了不同的觀察起點。插圖為了呈現完整身形，部分採盤繞姿勢。Fine spots, big blotches, rings and stripes each give you a starting point. Some are drawn coiled to show the whole body.
有些生物不靠鮮豔顏色吸引目光。試著看輪廓、眼睛的位置和魚鰭邊緣，也許會發現剛剛錯過的身影。Some don’t catch the eye with colour. Look for the outline, where the eyes are and the edges of the fins: you may spot one you just swam past.
又長又細，或又高又扁？當比例很鮮明時，先用輪廓縮小範圍，再回頭比對細節。Long and thin, or tall and flat? When the shape is that distinctive, narrow it down by outline first, then check the details.
看似圓潤的一組，也有截然不同的嘴部、體形與花紋。不要為了拍照而追逐、碰觸或讓生物膨脹。A roundish-looking group with very different mouths, shapes and patterns. Never chase, touch or make one puff up for a photo.
看見海龜或海蛇時，先保持距離、讓出行進路線。觀察牠們原本的行為，就是這次相遇最好的紀錄。When you meet a turtle or sea snake, keep your distance and leave its way clear. Watching what it does is the best record of the moment.
這些是入門辨識示意插圖，不能取代專業鑑定。若外觀相近、照片不清楚或辨識結果不確定，保留「尚未確認」也很好，再透過臺灣魚類資料庫、可靠實拍與專業人員協助比對。
選種、名稱、學名、棲息地與常見程度沿用 AquaGo 圖鑑整理表。魚類可再至 臺灣魚類資料庫 查核；海龜可參考 NOAA 綠蠵龜 與 NOAA 玳瑁 資料。更新日期：2026 年 10 月 29 日。
These are illustrations to help beginners, not an expert identification. If two look alike, a photo is unclear or you’re not sure, “not yet confirmed” is a fine answer. Check against the Fish Database of Taiwan, good photos and experts.
Species, names, scientific names, habitats and how common each is follow AquaGo’s species sheet. Fishes can be checked in the Fish Database of Taiwan; for turtles see NOAA on the green turtle and the hawksbill. Updated 29 October 2026.
This guide is for reference only and may still contain mistakes. If you spot something written or drawn wrong, please let us know and we’ll check and update it.
本圖鑑內容僅供參考，可能仍有疏漏或錯誤。若發現寫錯或畫錯的地方，歡迎來信指正，我們會查證後更新。
